Which of the following is NOT a step in the Military Course of Action Planning Process (MCPP)?

• A. Intelligence Synchronization
• B. PF
• C. COA DEV
• D. COA WG

Answer: (A)

In the Military Course of Action Planning Process, the structure rests on clearly defined steps where teams generate, refine, and compare Courses of Action. Planning factors provide the guidelines and constraints that shape how COAs are built, and COA development is the phase where concrete options are created. The COA Working Group is the formal forum that reviews, expands, and vets those COAs. Intelligence synchronization, while essential, is a continuous activity that ensures intelligence requirements, ISR assets, and information gaps are aligned with the plan. It runs across the planning effort rather than forming its own distinct step. That makes intelligence synchronization the activity that isn’t a separate step in the MCPP sequence.